In the 7th century, scientist James Watt discovered that applying heat to water turned it into a vapor, and a lot of work could be done, using this vapor pressure to rotate and lift it at the corners. Later, on the basis of his theory, the steam engine and thermal power plant were established.
Thermal power plants are commonly known as steam turbine power plants and steam power plants.
This article discusses a few basic things about steam power plants.
Whatever is in the discussion:
- What is a steam power plant?
- Types of steam power plants.
- The components of a steam power plant.
- The basic idea about the operating system of a steam power plant.
Table of Contents
What is a steam power plant?
The generating station is the steam power plant or steam power plant.
This type of power plant is located in a wide area as the number of accessory components of the steam power plant is higher than that of other power plants. Due to the availability of fuel and other reasons, this power plant is used everywhere as a power plant due to its high capacity. Of all the power plants in Bangladesh, the number of thermal power plants is high.
A steam power plant is shown below:
Types of steam power plants:
Steam power plants can be divided into the following:
- Central stations
- Industrial power stations
Central stations The power of this type of power station is produced for sale to the general customers and its overall management is vested with a central person group or organization.
Industrial power stations This type of power station production company generates electricity for its own use and its output is not sold to the general customers.
The basic idea about the operating system of the steam power plant:
The following components of steam power plant
- Cooling tower
- Cooling water pump
- Transmission line 3-phase
- Step-up transformer (3-phase)
- Electrical generator (3-phase)
- Low-pressure steam turbine
- Condensate pump
- Surface condenser
- Intermediate pressure steam turbine
- Steam Control valve
- High-pressure steam turbine
- Deaerator
- Feedwater heater
- Coal conveyor
- Coal hopper
- Coal pulverizer
- Boiler steam drum
- Bottom ash hopper
- Superheater
- Forced Draught (draft) fan
- Reheater
- Combustion air intake
- Economizer
- Air preheater
- Precipitator
- Induced draught (draft) fan
- Flue gas stack
The basic idea about the function of the steam power plant
The main functional component of a steam power plant or a steam power plant is aqueous steam or steam. The center uses water as raw material and coal as the main fuel.
Below is a diagram showing the working method of a steam power plant:
Here, the water is boiled in the boiler for burning coal. Then at this steam pressure, the steam turbine drives the alternator which converts the mechanical energy into electrical energy.
In this case, cold air is heated through an Air Preheater and inserted into the furnace. This air then provides oxygen for the combustion of coal provided. The hot gas that is formed after combustion rises and flows around the water tube.
Typically, some of the buffalo plates are arranged in such a way that the hot gas can rotate around the water tube several times. After the air is extracted from the chimney, the hot gas flows through the Economizer’s tube and into the Air Preheater sheet before it is emitted. Later, through the chimney, it goes into the atmosphere.
On the other hand, water is collected from the source of water through the feedwater pump and provided to the economizer. The economizer heats the water at a certain temperature and sends it to the boiler. The boiler can produce steam in a short time but the steam generated by the boiler is wet so it is sent to a superheater and dried. The steam was then sent to the turbine.
After operating the turbine, the residual or abandoned steam is released into the air as exhaust steam. Again, in some power plants, the Exhaust Steam is re-concentrated through cooling and reheat and sent back to the turbine. This time, it goes on and on and on and on, the whole process is done according to a Rankine cycle.
References:
Principles of Power system by V. K. Metha & Rohit Metha
Owner Of ICEEET
1 comment
Steam-electric power plants use a surface condenser cooled by water circulating through tubes. The steam which was used to turn the turbine is exhausted into the condenser and is condensed as it comes in contact with the tubes full of cool circulating water. The condensed steam, commonly referred to as condensate. is withdrawn from the bottom of the condenser. The adjacent image is a diagram of a typical surface condenser.